Cytotoxicity Screening of Anionic Dye Removal by Bio-Natural Adsorbent: Egg Shell and Peanut Shell

Abstract

Synthetic dye is produced by chemical compound that can be harmful to living microorganisms and human. Textile dye industry is inadequate dye effluent to the environment that can lead to water pollution. Therefore, the  releasing dye effluent should be minimized. Eggshell and peanut shell adsorbent are recycled from solid agro-waste and household food waste. They are wildly used in adsorption process to dye effluent before releasing into natural water bodies. However, the toxic reduction of dye after dye removal is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the toxicity of eosin dye and its removal by adsorbent. Moreover, the cytotoxicity of dye is evaluated by brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The results showed that the dye after removal by eggshell had the lower mortality rate when compared to those of eosin dye and penut shell adsorption. The histopathological lesions such as abnormal appearance of enterocyte, blebing cell and coagulation necrosis were found. Therefore, these bio-natural adsorbents might be the alternative substances for the adsorption process in wastewater treatment and they might decrease the toxicity of dye pollution.