Identification of mutation points in the prolactin (PRL) gene as genetic marker candidate in Kedu chicken

Abstract

            This research aimed to identify point mutations in the PRL gene in Kedu chickens. The materials used were 15 female Kedu chickens aged 6-7 months, consisting of red comb black Kedu, black comb black Kedu, and white Kedu chickens. The research included blood sampling, DNA extraction, amplification of the PRL gene through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), electrophoresis, sequencing, and data analysis. The parameters observed were the identification of point mutations, genotype frequency, allele frequency, and heterozygosity. Data analysis was performed using MEGA 12 and dnaSP.v6. The results showed a point mutation in the PRL gene in Kedu chickens located at site 454. The genotype frequency of CC was 0.067, while CT and TT were 0.666 and 0.267, respectively. The frequency of allele C was 0.4 and allele T was 0.6. The heterozygosity value was 0.48, which is considered moderate. Based on the results, it can be concluded that a mutation was found at point 454 C > T in the presence of alleles C and T, forming the genotypes CC, CT, and TT.  The observed heterozygosity value was moderate, indicating that the studied population still shows relatively diverse genetic variation. Further research is needed to determine its association with the reproductive traits of Kedu chickens.